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Material culture of the South Bohemian seats of lower nobility in early Modern Age
FAKTOR, Lukáš
The bachelor work Material culture of the South Bohemian seats of lower nobility in early Modern Age is concern with immovable and movable material culture of early Modern Age nobility of the South Bohemian region. The work is based on archeological researches, historical studies and further resources. The work presents by in-depth analysis of building development of the chosen seats and their history the level of material culture of lower nobility in defined period.
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Folk religiosity during High Middle Ages and Early Modern times as reflected in material culture
Juřinová, Šárka ; Scholz, Stefan (advisor) ; Royt, Jan (referee)
Folk religiosity during High Middle Ages and Early Modern times as reflected in material culture (the example of small ceramic sculpture) This work focuses on study of religious practice and urban everyday life of urban folk groups in Prague Towns from High Middle Ages till Early Modern times. The most common archaeological artifacts reflecting religious practice are small clay figurines found both in urban and in rural environment. These figurines made of fired clay depict in most cases Madonna with Christ-child and various saints, nevertheless profane figurines and various zoomorphic artifacts can be found too. This work is focused mainly on findings of clay figurines obtained during the large archeological excavation on Republic Square in Prague, which offered a unique collection of artifacts dated from 1250 to 1600. Analogies from the Central Europe will be considered in the process of evaluation of the assemblage mentioned above. It is not known exactly what the purpose of these artifacts was and it is still a subject of discussion, into which we will try to bring some new light. Right iconographic interpretation requires a comparation with some other objects of folk religiosity and urban everyday life (such as medallions and other small holy objects, pilgrim signs, pilgrimage pictures,...
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Combs in the Middle Age: archaeological-cultural-historical study
Mezuliáníková, Anna ; Štefan, Ivo (advisor) ; Profantová, Naděžda (referee)
(in English) Combs are used as toilet objects for adjustment of hair and beard, or as a decoration of hairstyle all over the world. Combs have also a number of symbolical and magical significances. The aim of this work is a comprehensive view on combs as a one part of medieval material culture. The first part deals with the manufacture of medieval combs, particularly materials used for comb making, manufacturing processes, decoration, the degree of specialization of bone and antler objects manufacturing and manufactures in which bone and antler objects were produced. The second part is applied to the function of combs, evolution of hairstyles in the Middle Ages, symbolical significance and the associated magical significances of human hair and beard and different rituals connected with their cutting and combing. The core of this thesis is analysis, synthesis and interpretation of selected finds of medieval combs from what now is the territory of the Czech Republic. The aim of the analysis, synthesis and interpretation is the comparison of morphology and decoration of combs from different periods of Middle Ages. Chapters, which are devoted to chronology, morphology and typology of medieval combs and social-representational aspects of using combs are largery based on this part.
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The Paper on Understanding the Subsistence Manner on the Transition of Neolithic and Eneolithic Age (a Comparative Study between the Western Culture Complex and Regions of Bohemia and Moravia)
Mattová, Sabina ; Popelka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Neustupný, Evžen (referee) ; John, Jan (referee)
The study presented deals with the phenomenon of increased hunting activity on the transition of the Neolithic and Eneolithic Age, the reasons of which have been so far investigated only in regard to environmental conditions of locations. The phenomenon is observed on locations of a wide area of Middle Europe. Nevertheless, there exist locations with prevailing agricultural economy. On the basis of a detailed comparative analysis of the material culture of the Western culture circle and Bohemia and Moravia, the study aims to trace the reflection of the phenomenon in archaeological materials - differences between locations with predominant domestic sources, and locations with predominant wild sources. Alongside, the study deals with a possible environmental impact on increasing hunting tendencies. In order to created a database, a detailed catalogue of locations has been compiled. The catalogue holds the most essential information on material culture with regard to expected agricultural manners. The catalogue also serves as a clue for setting particular indicators of the database, the purpose of which is to organise the data in a comparable form. Subsequently, a descriptive database has been compiled. The database traces the reflection of agricultural base of the individual locations. By means of a...
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Folk religiosity during High Middle Ages and Early Modern times as reflected in material culture (the example of small ceramic sculpture)
Juřinová, Šárka ; Royt, Jan (referee)
Folk religiosity during High Middle Ages and Early Modern times as reflected in material culture (the example of small ceramic sculpture) This work focuses on study of religious practice and urban everyday life of urban folk groups in Prague Towns from High Middle Ages till Early Modern times. The most common archaeological artifacts reflecting religious practice are small clay figurines found both in urban and in rural environment. These figurines made of fired clay depict in most cases Madonna with Christ-child and various saints, nevertheless profane figurines and various zoomorphic artifacts can be found too. This work is focused mainly on findings of clay figurines obtained during the large archeological excavation on Republic Square in Prague, which offered a unique collection of artifacts dated from 1250 to 1600. Analogies from the Central Europe will be considered in the process of evaluation of the assemblage mentioned above. It is not known exactly what the purpose of these artifacts was and it is still a subject of discussion, into which we will try to bring some new light. Right iconographic interpretation requires a comparation with some other objects of folk religiosity and urban everyday life (such as medallions and other small holy objects, pilgrim signs, pilgrimage pictures,...
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Coffee, tea and chocolate as a part of the life of noblemen during the early-modern times period in the Czech countries
MAREŠOVÁ, Dana
The thesis is entitled Coffee, tea and chocolate as a part of the life of noblemen during the early-modern times period in the Czech countries and it presents the history of everydayness of the nobility in the Czech Kingdom and in the Margraviate of Moravia from the middle of the 17th up to the ending of the 18th century, and it emphasizes the material culture which was used for drinking coffee, tea and chocolate. Castle inventories and municipal palaces inventories were used as an initial source of information. At the very beginning the noble families were chosen and afterwards their residential network was approached in detail. This work also focused on the topography of the residences and on the location of items used for coffee, tea and chocolate consumption within the particular castles or palaces. On this basis the author tried to reconstruct the way of thinking, behavior and attitudes of noblemen, and to explain the symbolic meaning of the decoration of the residences, the symbolic role of items as a representation of noblemen as a mean of the enrichment of their social and cultural habits as well. The set-up of items and other accessories served with coffee, tea and chocolate were not forgotten either. The inventories were put through a deep research which helped to create a social and power stratification on the basis of items used for coffee, tea and chocolate consumption. Another comparison also emerged- the comparison of particular members of various families representation and also the ownership of examined items on the basis of gender definition. This work tried to immerse to the topic of symbolic communication.
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Topography, functions and equipment of the office space in the noble settlements at the beginning of Early Modern period
CHALUPA, Pavel
The presented thesis deals with the issue of office room, offices, in the years 1580-1700. Its goal is to describe and interpret office equipment and office aids. The author used a number of preserved inventories from Bohemia and Moravia from the 16th and 17th centuries. The first chapter classifies the aristocratic residence into the resident network and deals with typology of seats. The second section discusses the usability of castle inventories and their problems. The third part describes topography and material culture of aristocratic offices. Next it focuses on the possible change of office space in a longer period of time. The last chapter compares office facilities to different categories. These include the social affiliation of the nobleman, his economic background and career as well as the type of residence. The conclusion summarizes the findings and presents opportunities for further research.
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Material culture of residencies of the Krakovský z Kolovrat family between 1750 and 1850
FIŠEROVÁ, Anna
The presented thesis deals with material culture of residencies of the Krakovský z Kolovrat family (Kolowrat-Krakowsky) between 1750 and 1850. Its goal is to describe inner space and material equipment of a few castle buildings which were owned by the Brezno branch of Krakovský z Kolovrat family in the given time. The author used a number of preserved inventories and bills from the second half of 18th and first half of 19th century. She tried to identify a purpose of particular buildings and their role in a resident network of the Krakovský z Kolovrat family. The thesis analyses changing fashion trends in the field of furniture, dining and lifestyle. A subject of interest is not only description of particular spaces but also a symbolic meaning of decoration and objects of everyday and non-everyday need which had surrounded privileged individuals in their residencies. Based on that the author aims to penetrate a thought world of noblemen and outline their value charts.
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Archeology of medieval monasteries in southern Bohemia
MÜLLER, Jiří
This thesis deals with the archaeological research of medieval monasteries. Area of interest is formed by the boundaries of present-day south bohemia region. The main aim of this work is creation of an overview about the archaeological sites and interpreting such artefacts that reflect the specifics of everyday life in monastery environment. The introductory chapter sets questions and goals of the work, and is followed by a section dealing with religious orders operating in the target area in the Middle Ages. The two following chapters focus on historical text and architectural development of individual sites. Other part analyses the troubles related to archaeological research of monasteries. Following passage brings the division of material culture based on archaeological finds. Finally, the material culture of individual categories is divided into smaller sub-groups that are based on their function and method of use. And the conclusion of the work evaluates the results of the analysis.
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Everyday life of the medieval farmstead. Evidence of the material culture in Central Europe.
Hylmarová, Lucie ; Klír, Tomáš (advisor) ; Krajíc, Rudolf (referee)
Název: Everyday life of the medieval farmstead. Evidence of the material culture in Central Europe. Master 's thesis deals with a summary of knowledge about material culture of deserted high- and late-medieval villages in the Czech Republic and assessing their interpretive possibilities for understanding the everyday life of the medieval farmstead. Attention is focused on the metallic component of the material culture. Basis of the thesis consists of the summary and critical evaluation of archaeological objects discovered during researches of deserted medieval villages, especially since the second half of the 20th century until today (Pfaffenschlag, Konůvky, Bystřec, Mstěnice, Svídna, Potálov, Kravín and Spindelbach). Part of the work is an analysis of finding and spatial context at the discussed archaeological sites. The findings are in the end compared with the selected foreign deserted medieval village (Hard in Lower Austria). This thesis evaluates how a study of the material culture contributes to economic issues and the socio-economic structures of a medieval village. Keywords deserted medieval village - farmstead - everyday life - material culture - metal artifacts - middle ages - Bohemia and Moravia - Austria
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